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episcopate,121 Bayly, being more worldly despite his puritanical inclinations, advanced the prospects of his immediate heirs in the Church. Both prelates encountered the stern opposition of Sir John Wynn of Gwydir at different times in the course of their episcopal duties and during two distinct phases in the squire's career. In Morgan's time, at the turn of the sixteenth century, Wynn was primarily an aspiring local magnate eager for social recognition within a broader and more influential pattern of family contacts than he had hitherto enjoyed, grasping all that he could despite powerful opposition from many of his peers. Twenty years or so later, he was well-established as the most forceful and intractable landowner in his county, planning and executing his political schemes with considerable dexterity. Despite the election setbacks of his son Richard in 1620 and his own increasing ill-health from that time onwards, on a purely personal level he remained as formidable as ever. Bayly, in effect, became a pawn in Sir John's hands and soon succumbed to the squire's wishes and became one of the champions of his house in local issues; whereas Morgan, despite ties of neighbourhood, refused to participate in Wynn's cunning contrivances in the acquisition of ecclesiastical lands.122 Both bishops, however, achieved lasting fame in matters far more enduring than ephemeral disputes involving land and property.123 In the literary and spiritual spheres they both furthered the advance- ment of Protestantism in Wales and gave posterity cause to recall their memory with respect. For historians, however, Bayly must remain an enigmatic personality who, despite his mediocrity and glib submission to continual lay pressure, proves to be among the most intriguing figures in this age of religious change. J. GWYNFOR JONES Cardiff 121 The author's article in Jnl. Hist. Soc. Church in Wales, loc. cit. For a literary appreciation of Morgan, see D. G. Gruffudd, 'William Morgan', in G. Bowen (ed.), Y Traddodiad Rhyddiaith (1970), pp. 148-74. A. H. Dodd discusses Bayly in History of Caernarvonshire (1969), pp. 86-88. 113 Wynn had a high regard for Bayly's The Practice of Piety and never doubted Morgan's scholastic or literary abilities. C. W.P., No. 896 (4 March 1620).