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NOTES N.B. All unpublished sources referred to are held by the British Geological Survey (Wales). 'David E. Bick, The Old Metal Mines of Mid-Wales: Part 1 (Newent, 1974), p. 28. 2 David Bick, British Mining No. 30: Frongoch Lead and Zinc Mine (Sheffield, 1976), pp. 22-4. A report of 1919 is quoted, in which the water-course is described as 'under construction' at that date, but it appears that both this leat and the dam were probably built on the site of similar (ruined?) features of an earlier date; the Ordnance Survey 6" plan (first edition, surveyed 1885-6) shows an aqueduct and weir in much the same position. 'Nancarrow's report, dated 8 March 1936, was in the form of a letter addressed to Messrs. Cheeseman & Co., of King William St., London E. C. 4. 4Bick, op. cit. (Fron-goch), p. 7. S Williams gave a good summary of his findings in Cardiganshire during a discussion at the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, which was reported in their Transactions, vol. 50 (1940-1), p. 113. He speculated that 50,000 tons of zinc blende could be won from some half-dozen mines without much extension into deeper levels, though such an operation was unlikely to prove an economic proposition. He recommended that, after the War, more exploration should be done to draw up an inventory of mineral resources and permit more detailed mapping. 6 O. T. Jones, 'The Mining District of North Cardiganshire and West Montgomery- shire', Memoirs of the Geological Survey: Special Reports on the Mineral Resources of Great Britain, vol. XX, Lead and Zinc (H.M.S.O., 1922). 7 An excellent account of the 'Esgair-mwyn Affair' is given in Bethan Phillips, Peterwell (Uandysul, 1983), chapter 6. 'National Library of Wales, Calendar of Crosswood Deeds, p. 53. 9 A map of 1753, entitled 'A plan of the waste or common and adjoining freeholds in the upper parcel of the parish of Gwnnws in the honour of Mevenith in the county of Cardigan, with the mine of Esgair y Mwyn situate on the said waste or common' shows that at that date the freeholder of Llwyn-llwyd was Roderick Richardes (of Pen-glais). No mine workings are shown, other than those at Esgair-mwyn. "Absalom Francis, History of the Cardiganshire Mines (Goginan, 1874); facsimile edition by Simon Hughes, 1987, p. 137. Francis observed that work on the adit, begun 'many years ago', was still proceeding. 11 Calendar of Crosswood Deeds, p. 431. 0. T. Jones, op. cit. 13 Hafod Sale Catalogue of 1864. Chambers put the whole estate of 14,000 acres up for auction, but only two relatively small outlying lots were sold, including the Ffair-rhos holding. The catalogue states that the royalties paid by the operators of Uwyn-llwyd mine to the Hafod estate in the 12 months ending September 1863 were £ 151 13s. lid. "Elisabeth Inglis-Jones, Peacocks in Paradise (London, 1950), p. 19. IS Calendar of Cross wood Deeds, pp. 270, 272, 283. In 1791 Johnes leased from the Crown the mineral rights to 1000 acres of sheepwalk in the north-east of his estate, but it is not clear whether he wished to exploit them himself or to prevent someone else from doing so (Crosswood Deeds, p. 277).