Welsh Journals

those from the bottom layer in the pit are of wheat and, probably, in some cases, of barley, while those from the upper layer are the same with, in addition, some of oats. As Dr. Helbaek of Copenhagen, the principal authority on early crops in Britain, has shown that oats were not introduced into this country as a regular crop until the Early Iron Age7 and it is not likely that the primary pit would be separated by centuries from its successor on the same spot, we should probably see in the pit not a Bronze Age ritual deposit but a storage pit of Early Iron Age or later date, in which the old practice of roasting grain to facilitate its threshing or storage had left its traces. It should not, however, be forgotten that the Iron Age and Dark Age Celtic people of Britain sometimes venerated Bronze Age mounds as places where the spirit world could be communicated with and placated.8 II. LATE IRON AGE AND ROMAN PERIODS 1, Excavations at Cae Summerbouse, Tythegston, Glam. Second Interim Report IN the summer of 1967 excavations on a larger scale than those of the previous year' were conducted on the site of this late Iron Age and Romano-British defended settlement (SS 864779). The site proved to have had a much more comp- licated history than was indicated by reconnaisance excavation in 1966, and at least five structural periods were represented. Excavations were directed mainly at the badly-ploughed southern half of the inner enclosure, with the aim of recovering as much as possible of the plan of any internal structures. This projected area clearance suffered to some extent when further work on the southern and eastern defences proved to be both rewarding and very laborious. The entrance into the inner Proc. Prlmst. Soc., 1952; 194-221. 8 Ross, Pagan Celtic Britain, S9. t Morgannwg 10 (1966), 54-59.