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FIGURE 1. HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURES AS INDICATED BY STATE- MENTS OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF EACH MEMBER TO THE HOUSEHOLD HEAD, 1851 CENSUS RETURNS HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION code relationship to head elements components 1. HEAD 2. Wife NUCLEAR 3. son ( FAMILY 4. daughter J JOINT FAMILY 5. father, father-in-law 1 6. mother, mother-in-law 7. brother, brother-in-law I RELATIVES 8. sister, sister-in-law 9. grand child 10. other kinsmen 11. visitor, guest VISITOR NON NON 12. lodger, boarder LODGER FAMILIAR 13. servant* EMPLOYEE *i.e. all persons returned as 'servants' in their relationship to the household head. These include domestic servants as well as other employees (e.g. journeymen, apprentices and other assistants) living in the household but who were not the head's own relatives. There is the possibility that a few employees were returned as lodgers but from the entries in the census enumerators' books recognition of these is difficult. in any study of social structures it is quite important for us to seek knowledge concerning the status and relative prestige of individuals. In 1851, Evan Evans of White Hall was returned as 'registrar'; Soloman Davies of Lower Gate Street as 'parish clerk'; John Jones of Upper Gate Street as 'Surgeon'; Richard Jones of High Street as 'Calvinistic Methodist Minister' and James Orwin (also of High Street) as 'school master British system'. From an economic viewpoint all of these can be grouped together as occupations in Industrial Group 8: Public and Professsional Service (see the Appendix). Yet, each of these specific occupations represents differing levels of expertise, skill, responsibility and educational attainment. Amongst these particular ways of earning a living, variations occur in the amount of influence,